UPSC

Two objective (MCQ) papers on the same day. CSAT is qualifying — Prelims marks don't count toward the final rank.

• GS Paper I (200) — current affairs, history, geography, polity, economy, environment & ecology, general science
• CSAT Paper II (200, qualifying) — comprehension, reasoning, analytical ability, decision-making, numeracy, data interpretation

Nine descriptive papers — two qualifying (Indian Language 300, English 300) plus seven that count for merit.

• Essay (250)
• GS I (250) — history, culture, society, geography
• GS II (250) — polity, governance, international relations
• GS III (250) — economy, science & tech, environment, security
• GS IV (250) — ethics, integrity, aptitude
• Optional Subject — Paper I & II (250 each)

Tests communication, judgment, awareness, confidence and suitability for public service.